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5.0 References

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  1. Adamson IYR, Bowden DH. 1990. Pulmonary reaction to long and short asbestos fibers is independent of fibroblast growth factor production by alveolar macrophages. Am J Pathol 137:523-529.

  2. Amandus HE, Wheeler R. 1987. The morbidity and mortality of vermiculite miners and millers exposed to tremolite-actinolite: Part II. Mortality. Am J Ind Med 11:15-26.

  3. Asgharian B, Yu CP. 1988. Deposition of inhaled fibrous particles in the human lung. J Aerosol Med 1(1):37-50.

  4. Baron PA, Deye GJ, Fernback J. 1994. Length separation of fibers. Aerosol Sci Tech 21:179-192.

  5. Bellmann B, Muhle H, Ernst H, Pohlmann G, Sebastien P, Brown RC. 2002. Subchronic studies on man-made vitreous fibres: kinetics of inhaled particles. Ann Occup Hyg 46(S1):166-169.

  6. Berman DW, Crump KS, Chatfield EJ, et al. 1995. The sizes, shapes, and mineralogy of asbestos structures that induce lung tumors or mesothelioma in AF/HAN rats following inhalation. (Errata attached). Risk Anal 15:181-195.

  7. Bourdes V, Boffetta P, Pisani P. 2000. Environmental exposure to asbestos and risk of pleural mesothelioma: review and meta-analysis: environmental exposure to asbestos and mesothelioma. Euro J Epidemiol 16:411-417.

  8. Boutin C, Dumortier P, Rey F, Viallat JR, De Vuyst P. 1996. Black spots concentrate oncogenic asbestos fibers in the parietal pleura. Thoracoscopic and mineralogic study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 153(1):444-449.

  9. Bowden DH, Hedgecock C, Adamson IY. 1989. Silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis involves the reaction of particles with interstitial rather than alveolar macrophages. J Patho1 58:73-80.

  10. Brown RC, Sebastien P, Bellmann B, Muhle H. 2000. Particle contamination in experimental fiber preparations. Inhal Toxicol 12:99-107.

  11. Brown RC, Bellmann B, Muhle H, Ernst H, Pohlmann G, Sebastien P. 2002. Subchronic studies on man-made Vitreous Fibers: toxicity results. Ann Occup Hyg 46(S1):102-104.

  12. Case BW, Dufresne A, McDonald AD, McDonald JC, Sebastien P. 2000. Asbestos fiber type and length in lungs of chrysotile textile and production workers: fibers longer than 18 µm. Inhal Toxicol, 12(S3):411-418.

  13. Case BW, Dufresne A, Bagatin E, Capelozzi VL. 2002a. Lung-retained fibre content in Brazilian chrysotile workers. Ann Occup Hyg 46(S1):144-149.

  14. Case BW, Nayebzadeh A, Masse J, Dufresne AD. 2002b. Mineralogical and exposure determinants of pulmonary fibrosis among Quebec chrysotile miners and millers. Manuscript submitted to Occupational and Environmental Medicine in 2002.

  15. Churg A, Wright JL, Depaoli L, et al. 1989. Mineralogic correlates of fibrosis in chrysotile miners and millers. Am Rev Respir Dis 139:891-896.

  16. Churg A, Wright J, Wiggs B, Depaoli L. 1990. Mineralogic parameters related to amostie asbestos-induced fibrosis in humans. Am Rev Respir Dis 142(6):1331.

  17. Churg A, Wright JL, Vedal S. 1993. Fiber burden and patterns of asbestos-related disease in chrysotile miners and millers. Am Rev Respir Dis 148:25-31.

  18. Churg A, Wright J, Dai J. 2000. Pathogenesis of fibrosis produced by asbestos and man-made mineral fibers: what makes a fiber fibrogenic? Inhal Toxicol 12(S3):15-26.

  19. Coin PG, Roggli VL, Brody AR. 1994. Persistence of long, thin chrysotile asbestos fibers in the lungs of rats. Environ Health Perspect 102(S5):197-199.

  20. Davis JM, Addison J, Bolton RE, et al. 1986. The pathogenicity of long versus short fibre samples of amosite asbestos administered to rats by inhalation and interperitoneal injection. Br J Exp Pathol 67:415-430.

  21. Davis JM, Jones AD. 1988. Comparisons of the pathogenicity of long and short fibres of chrysotile asbestos in rats. Br J Exp Pathol 69:717-737.

  22. Davis JM, Jones AD, Miller BG. 1991. Experimental studies in rats on the effects of asbestos inhalation coupled with the inhalation of titanium dioxide or quartz. Int J Exp Pathol 72(5):501-525.

  23. Davis JMG. 1994. The role of clearance and dissolution in determining the durability or biopersistence of mineral fibers. Environ Health Perspect 102(S5):113-117.

  24. Dumortier P, Rey F, Viallat JR, Broucke I, Boutin C, De Vuyst P. 2002. Chrysotile and tremolite asbestos fiber type, length, and concentration, and the relative risk of mesothelioma. Ann Occup Hyg 38(S1):639-645.

  25. Gelzeichter TR, Bermudez E, Mangum JB, Wong BA, Everitt JI, Moss OR. 1996. Pulmonary and pleural responses in Fischer 344 rats following short-term inhalation of a synthetic vitreous fiber. (I) Quantitation of lung and pleural fiber burdens. (II) Pathobiologic responses. Fundam Appl Toxicol 30:31-46.

  26. Gillam JD, Dement JM, Lemen RA, Wagoner JK, Archer VE, Blejer HP. 1976. Mortality patterns among hard rock gold miners exposed to an asbestiform mineral. Ann NY Acad Sci 271.

  27. Hesterberg TW, Barrett JC. 1984. Dependence of asbestos and mineral dust-induced transformation of mammalian cells in culture on fiber dimension. Cancer Res 44:2170-2180.

  28. Hesterberg TW, Barrett JC. 1985. Induction of asbestos fibers of anaphase abnormalities: mechanism for aneuploidy inducation and possibly carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 6:476-475.

  29. Hesterberg TW, Butterick CJ, Oshimura M, Brody AR, Barrett JC. 1986. Role of phagocytosis in Syrian hamster cell transformation and cytogenetic effects induced by asbestos and short and long glass fibers. Cancer Res 46:5795-5802.

  30. Higgins ITT, Glassman JH, Oh MS, Cornell RG. 1983. Mortality of reserve mining company employees in relation to taconite dust exposure. Am J Epidemiol 118(5):710-719.

  31. Hughes JM, Jones RN, Glindmeyer, et al. 1993. Follow up study of workers exposed to man-made mineral fibers. Br J Ind Med 50(7):658-667.

  32. IARC 1987. IARC monograph on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk, Volume 42 (silica and some silicates).

  33. IARC 1997. IARC monograph on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk, Volume 68 (silica, some silicates, coal dust, and para-aramid fibrils).

  34. Johnston CJ, Driscoll KE, Finkelstein JN, Baggs R, O'Reilly MA, Carter J, Gelein R, Oberdörster G. 2000. Pulmonary chemokine and mutagenic responses in Rats after subchronic inhalation of amorphous and crystalline silica. Toxicol Sci 56:405-413.

  35. Kane et al. 1996. Mechanisms of mineral fibre carcinogenesis. In: Kane AB, Bofetta P, Saracci R, et al., eds. Mechanisms of fibre carcinogenesis. Lyon, France: IARC. IARC Scientific Publications No. 140, 11-34.

  36. Keane MJ, Stephens JW, Zhong BZ, Miller WE, Ong TM, Wallace WE. 1999. A study of the effect of chrysotile fiber surface composition on genotoxicity in vitro. J Toxicol Env Health 57:529-541.

  37. Kinnula VL. 1999. Oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms of lung disease caused by asbestos fibers. Eur Respir J 14(3):706-716.

  38. Kjaerheim K, Boffetta P, Hansen J, Cherrie J, Change-Claude J, Eilber U, Ferro G, Guldner K, Olsen JH, Plato N, Proud L, Saracci R, Westerholm P, Andersen A. 2002. Lung cancer among rock and slag wool production workers. Epidemiology 13(4):445-453.

  39. Lemasters GK, Lockey JE, Yiin JH, Hilbert TJ, Levin LS, Rice CH. 2002. Mortality of workers occupationally exposed to refractory ceramic fibers. J Occup Environ Med. Accepted for publication.

  40. Lippmann M. 1994. Deposition and retention of inhaled fibres: effects on incidence of lung cancer and mesothelioma. Occup Environ Med 51:793-798.

  41. Liu J. 1994. In vitro genotoxicity studies of chrysotile asbestos fibers dispersed in simulated pulmonary surfactant. Mutat Res 320:253-259.

  42. McConnell EE, Axten C, Hesterberg TW, et al. 1999. Studies on the inhalation toxicology of two fiberglasses and amosite asbestos in Syrian golden hamster. Part II. Results of chronic exposure. Inhal Toxicol 1(9):785-835.

  43. McDonald JC, Gibbs GW, Liddell DK, McDonald AD. 1978. Mortality after long exposure to cummingtonite-grunerite. Am Rev Respir Dis 118.

  44. McDonald JC, Armstrong B, Case B, et al. 1989. Mesothelioma and asbestos fiber type. Evidence from lung tissue analysis. Cancer 63:1544-1547.

  45. McDonald JC, McDonald AD, Armstrong B, et al. 1986. Cohort study of mortality of vermiculite miners exposed to tremolite. Br J Ind Med 43:436-444.

  46. McDonald JC, Harris J, Armstrong B. 2002. Cohort mortality study of vermiculite miners exposed to fibrous tremolite: an update. Ann Occup Hyg 46(S1):93-94.

  47. Morgan A. 1995. Deposition of inhaled asbestos and man-made mineral fibres in the respiratory tract. Ann Occup Hyg 39(5):747-758.

  48. Nayebzadeh A, Dufresne A, et al. 2001. Lung mineral fibers of former miners and millers from Thetford-Mines and asbestos regions: a comparative study of fiber concentration and dimension. Arch Environ Health 56(1):65-76.

  49. Oberdörster G, Morrow PE, Spurny K. 1988. Size Dependent Lymphatic Short Term Clearance of Amosite Fibers in the Lung. Ann Occup Hyg 32(S1):149-156.

  50. Ohyama M, Otake T, Morinaga K. 2000. The chemiluminescent response from human monocyte-derived macrophages exposed to various mineral fibers of different sizes. Ind Health 38:289-293.

  51. Ohyama M, T Otake, K Morinaga. 2001. Effect of size of man-made and natural mineral fibers on chemiluminescent response in human monocyte-derived macrophages. Environ Health Perspect 109(10):1033-1038.

  52. Pandurangi RS, Seehar MS, Razzaboni BL, Bolsaitis. 1990. Surface and bulk infrared modes of crystalline and amorphous silica particles: a study of the relation of surface structure to cytotoxicity of respirable silica. Environ Health Perspect 86:317-336.

  53. Rödelsperger K, Woitowitz H-J, Brückel B, et al. 1999. Dose-response relationship between amphibole fiber lung burden and mesothelioma. Cancer Detect Prev 23(3):183-193.

  54. Rogers AJ, Leigh J, Berry G, et al. 1991. Relationship between lung asbestos fiber type and concentration and relative risk of mesothelioma. Cancer 67:1912-1920.

  55. Sebastien P, Janson X, Gaudichet A, Hirsch A, Bignon J. 1980. Asbestos retention in human respiratory tissues: comparative measurements in lung parenchyma and in parietal pleura. IARC Sci Publ 30:237-246.

  56. Sebastien P, Armstrong B, Case BW, et al. 1988. Estimation of amphibole exposure from asbestos body and macrophage counts in sputum: a survey in vermiculite miners. Ann Occup Hyg 32(S1):195-201.

  57. Sesko A, Mossman BT. 1989. Sensitivity of hamster tracheal epithelial cells to asbestiform minerals is modulated by serum and by transforming growth factor, beta 1. Cancer Res 49:2743-2749.

  58. Stöber W, Flachsbart H, Hochrainer D. 1970. Der aerodynamische Durchmesser von Latexaggregaten and Asbestfasern. Staub Reinhalt Luft 30:277-285.

  59. Sussman RG, Cohen BS, Lippmann M. 1991. Asbestos fiber deposition in a human tracheobronchial cast. I. Experimental. Inhal Toxicol 3:145-160.

  60. Timbrell V. 1972. Inhalation and biological effects of asbestos. In: Mercer TT, Morrow PE, Stober W, eds. Assessment of airborne particles fundamentals, applications and implications to inhalation toxicity. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 429-445.

  61. Timbrell V, Ashcroft T, Goldstein B, et al. 1988. Relationships between retained amphibole fibres and fibrosis in human lung tissue specimens. In: Inhaled Particles VI. Ann Occup Hyg 32(S1):323-340.

  62. Wagner JC, Skidmore JW, Hill RJ, Griffiths DM. 1985. Erionite exposure and malignant mesothelioma in rats. Brit J Cancer 51:727-730.

  63. Wallace WE, Headley LC, Weber KC. 1975. Dipalmitoyl lecithin surfactant adsorption by kaolin dust in vitro. J Colloidal Interface Sci 51:535.

  64. Waxweiler RJ, Zumwalde RD, Ness GO, Brown DP. 1988. A retrospective cohort mortality study of males mining and milling attapulgite clay. Am J Ind Med 13(3):305-315.

  65. Ye J, Shi X, Jones W, Rojanasakul Y, Cheng N, Schwegler-Berry D, Baron P, Deye GJ, Li C, Castranova V. 1999. Critical role of glass fiber length in TNF-a production and transcription factor activation in macrophages. Am J Physiol 276(3):L426-L434.

  66. Ye J, Zeidler P, Young S, Martinez A, Robinson V, Jones W, Baron P, Shi X, Castranova V. 2001. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase is involved in glass fiber-induced tumor necrosis factor-a production in macrophages. J Biological Chem 276:5360-5367.

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