National ALS Biorepository
Learn how ALS researchers from around the world can access and use ALS Biorepository samples as a valuable resource in their fight to identify the causes of ALS.
The National ALS Biorepository is a component of the National ALS Registry that adds to the existing pool of biological samples for research from people with ALS. Currently, there are approximately 84,000 samples being stored for the National ALS Biorepository, donated from 1,655 participants. These samples, along with the extensive epidemiological data collected by the National ALS Registry, are a valuable resource in the fight to identify the causes of ALS.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a rapidly progressive, fatal neurological disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. It causes nerves in muscles to die, thereby preventing voluntary movement of muscles. On average, persons with the disease die two to five years after being diagnosed. We still know very little about ALS, including its cause(s) and why ALS strikes some people and not others. The Registry continues to work to better understand the disease.
Despite ALS being initially identified in 1869, the pathogenesis (origination and development of a disease) and cause and cure remain unknown. The most consistently known risk factors for cases are being male, Caucasian, and older.
An estimated 5–10% of cases are attributed to heredity, while the cause for the remaining 90–95% are still unknown. For these latter cases, potential risk factors that have been explored include smoking and alcohol consumption; exposures to heavy metals, pesticides, and volatile organic compounds; head trauma; and occupational exposures. Furthermore, more literatures suggest gene-environment interaction as a potential contributor to disease mechanism.
The National ALS Biorepository
The National ALS Biorepository collects a biological specimens such as blood, urine, and tissue from persons with ALS enrolled in the National ALS Registry who have agreed to participate in the Biorepository. The Biorepository then processes, stores, and distributes the collections. In addition, the Biorepository collaborates with the Temple University ALS Postmortem Core to support and expand ALS research in the areas of biomarkers, genetics, and disease progression.
The National ALS Biorepository is different from other biorepositories; it collects specimens from a geographically representative sample of people with ALS in the U.S. that are not tied to a specific clinic or location.
Data for Researchers
Researchers can obtain complementary linked epidemiological data which are not usually collected by a biorepository (e.g., military history, family history, and occupational history). Samples are accessible to researchers around the globe regardless of institutional affiliation. In addition, unlike some biorepositories, the cost of collection and storage of samples is not passed on to researchers requesting samples. However, researchers can expect to incur a nominal per sample retrieval cost, along with shipping costs to deliver samples.
The National ALS Registry Research Information website National ALS Biorepository provides the types and numbers of samples stored, as well as an application form for researchers to request samples. Research proposals are reviewed to ensure that access to National ALS Biorepository resources is restricted to ALS projects and have appropriate oversight and protection of human subjects.
The National ALS Registry, maintained by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), is a congressionally mandated registry for persons in the U.S. with ALS.
The National ALS Registry is the only population-based registry in the U.S. that collects information to help scientists learn more about who gets ALS and its potential causes.
To learn more, visit the ALS Registry website.
Ongoing Studies Using Samples from the ALS Biorepository
Currently twenty-seven studies are using samples from the Biorepository for research that contribute to the understanding of potential risk factors for ALS. Linking biological samples with the Registry’s extensive epidemiological data and the genotype of participants in the Biorepository, makes the samples a unique resource. The variety of studies already using Biorepository samples illustrates its contribution to ALS research.
| Description of Project | Group Conducting Analysis | Sample Types Requested |
|---|---|---|
| Mining the B cell repertoire of resilient ALS patients | Alchemab Therapeutics | Plasma, RNA |
| Clinical Development of ISGylation Biomarker for ALS | Louisiana State University | Serum |
| Advanced Patient-Derived Microglia Assay for Preclinical and Clinical Trial Drug Validation | QIMR Berghofer | PBMC |
| Heavy metals and methylated DNA in sludge and wastewater: Population biomarkers for susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases | Arizona State University | Urine |
| Biomarkers early-stage ALS detection | University of British Columbia | Plasma |
| Developing low-cost technology to detect ALS Biomarkers | University of Illinois at Carbondale | Serum |
| To evaluate the potential biomarkers of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) using biofluids | University of Texas Rio Grande Valley | Urine |
| ALS Subtype Biomarkers | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory | CSF, precentral motor cortex, whole blood |
| Characterization and Identification of Biomarkers of ALS Disease Onset and Progression | AbbVie | DNA, plasma, RNA, serum, urine |
| Quantification of Self-Replicating Proteins in the CSF of ALS Patients and Disease Controls | Center for Neurologic Study | CSF |
| ALS miRNA Biomarker | Brain Chemistry Labs | Plasma |
| Targeting an Immune Pathway Disrupted by Multiple ALS-Causative Genes | Harvard Medical School | PBMC |
| Histologic investigation of extracellular innate checkpoint molecule CD47 in ALS motor neurons | University of Pittsburgh Medical Center | Precentral motor cortex, superior temporal tissue, cervical spinal cord |
| Development and validation of assays to determine target engagement in ALS clinical studies | QurAlis | CSF and plasma |
| The Influence of Inflammation in the Progression of ALS | University of British Columbia | Plasma |
| LBT-3627: A Novel Immunomodulatory Disease-Modifying Approach to ALS Treatment | Longevity Biotech Inc. | PBMC |
| RNA-Sequencing based drug discovery in ALS | Cerevance, Inc. | Lumbar spinal cord, precentral motor cortex, serum |
| Assessment of Unbound Free Fatty Acids in ALS Plasma | Center for Neurologic Study | Plasma |
| Biomarkers in neuronal exosomes for assessment of ALS progression | University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) | Serum |
| Novel extracellular vesicle and molecular biomarkers of environmental exposure and disease progression in ALS | Columbia University Medical Center | Hair, precentral motor cortex, spinal cord, whole blood |
| Metals analysis | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) | Serum, urine, urine hg, whole blood |
| Genomic Analysis | National Institutes of Health (NIH) | DNA |
| Mitochondrial DNA and Micro RNAs in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | Columbia School of Public Health | Plasma, precentral motor cortex, cervical spinal cord, whole blood |
| Role of FUS protein in inflammation and neurodegeneration, as potentially applied to understanding the development of ALS | Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai | Human primary cells, whole blood |
| ALS risk, exposure sources, and effects on the unfolded protein response pathway | Dartmouth College | Fingernails |
| Identification and characterization of potential environmental risk factors for ALS using the ATSDR ALS Registry cases and a control population | University of Pittsburgh | DNA, plasma |
| Targeting Ataxin-2 in Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) | University of Utah | Human primary cells |
- Please note, this does not include samples distributed from the Temple University ALS Postmortem Core
- Studies as of March 2024; for more information visit https://www.cdc.gov/als/BiorepositoryProjects.html
